Marka diyaaradaha ay soo galaan dalka ama ka baxaan, waxaa jira kharashyo kala duwan oo laga qaado diyaaradda, rakaabka, xamuulka iyo adeegyada kale ee garoonka/hawadda. Qormadan waxaan ku faahfaahin doonaa noocyada kharashaadkaas, halka laga qaado, sababta ay u jiraan iyo waxa ay micna u leedahay. Sidoo kale, waxaan tusaalooyin u soo qaadan doonaa xaaladda dalka Aden Adde International Airport (Muqdisho) iyo guud ahaan Soomaaliya.
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| Airplain |
1. Kharashaadka Madaarka/garoonka (Aerodrome Charges)
Mid ka mid ah kharashaadka ugu muhiimsan waa kharashka garoonka (landing/parking fee) oo diyaaradda lafteeda laga qaado marka ay ku degto ama joogo garoonka.
- Tusaale ahaan, garoonka Muqdisho (Aden Adde) marka diyaarad caalami ah (international) ay degto, waxaa jira kharash ahaan $65 ilaa $335 iyadoo ku xiran miisaanka diyaaradda. (SCAA)
- Sidoo kale, diyaarado gudaha (domestic) waxay leeyihiin kharashyo ka duwan, tusaale ahaan diyaaradda ilaa 20 000 kg waxay bixisaa ilaa $9 halkii ton. (SCAA)
- Marka diyaaradda ay halkaa ku joogi karto (parking), waxaa sidoo kale jira “parking fee” ama lacago joogitaan garoonka. (SCAA)
Sababta
- In garoonka laga daboolo qiimaha adeega (iibsiga garoonka, dayactirka runway-ga, shaqaalaha, amniga iwm)
- In diyaaradda iyo shirkadda duulimaadyadu ka qayb qaataan kharashaadka ka dhasha hawada, degista, adeegyada garoonka
Saamaynta rakaabka iyo shirkadaha:
Kharashyada noocan ah waxay saameyn karaan qiimaha tigidhka diyaaradda, shirkaduhu waxa ay u baahan karaan in kharashyadaas ku daraan qiimaha ticket-ga si ay u daboolaan.
2. Kharashaadka Adeegga Rakaabka (Passenger Service Charges)
Marka aad safar diyaaradeed samaynayso, waxaa jira kharashyo loogu talagalay adeegyada rakaabka laga qaado.
- Tusaale ahaan, marka aad ka baxdo garoonka Muqdisho: rakaabka gudaha (domestic) waxaa lagu saabsan yahay $7. (SCAA)
- Rakaabka caalamiga ah (international) – qof weyn – waxaa lacag gaar ah lagu leeyahay, tusaale ahaan $55 halkii qof. (SCAA)
- Rakaabka carruurta ah ama kooxaha kale waxa laga yaabaa in kharashyo gaar ah lagu yeesho. (SCAA)
Sababta:
- Si loo daboolo adeegyada garoonka sida baaritaanka, amniga, qolalka sugitaanka, socodka rakaabka.
- In maareynta garoonku helaan dhaqaalahaa si loo hagaajiyo adeegyada.
3. Kharashaadka Adeegga Hawada/Qiimaha Navigation-ka (Air Navigation Charges)
Haddii diyaaradda aysan kaliya degin garoonka balse ay marayso hawada dalka ama uu ka jiro adeeg hawada ah (navigation), waxaa jira kharashyo kale.
- Tusaale ahaan, hawada gudaha Soomaaliya marka diyaarad ku duusho “overfly” (dusha hawada dalka) ama degto waxaa jira kharash “Air Navigation Charges”. Tusaale ahaan diyaaradda miisaankeedu yahay ilaa 10,000 kg waxaa kharash ahaan lagu leeyahay $40. (SCAA)
- Kharashka ayaa kor u sii kaca marka miisaanka diyaaradda uu weyn yahay. (SCAA)
Sababta:
- In hawadda laga maamulo adeegyada navigation diyaaradaha — tusaale ahaan radar, aaladaha hagida, amniga hawada.
- In dalka helaan dakhliga ka yimaada hawada uu diyaaraddaha isticmaalaan.
Muhiimad: Shirkadaha diyaaradaha ama hawada isticmaala waa in ay ka warqabaan kharashkan — haddii lagu daro safarka, wuxuu saameyn karaa qiimaha tigidhka ama qorshaha safarka.
4. Kharashaadka Kale ee Xamuulka, Garaashka, Agabka Dheeraadka ah
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| King Abdulaziz International Airport |
Marka diyaaradda ay hawada ku jirto ama garoonka joogto, waxaa jira adeego dheeraad ah oo laga qaado kharash.
- Tusaale ahaan, dalka jiranaha Hargeisa Egal International Airport (Somaliland) waxaa lagu qiimeeyaa — adeegyada sida handling (maareynta diyaaradda), garaashka, adeega xamuulka, iwm. (Mocaad Somaliland)
- Adeegyadaas waxaa ka mid ah: tow-ing diyaaradda, GPU (power unit) si diyaaradda u hesho koronto marka garoonka joogto, adeegga cagaf/cagaf (wheelchair) rakaabka iwm. (Mocaad Somaliland)
Sababta:
- Diyaaradda marka ay garoonka joogto waxay u baahan tahay adeegyo gaar ah – maalgelinta qalabka, shaqaalaha, howsha xamuulka iwm.
- Shirkadaha diyaaradaha waa inay bixiyaan kharashkaan si hawlahaas loo fuliyo.
Saameynta:
- Adeegyadaas waxay sidoo kale qayb ka yihiin kharashaadka ku baxa garoonka iyo diyaaradda — shirkadaha diyaaradaha oo weyn waxay noqon karaan in ay qorsheeyaan kharashkaan si loo hubiyo in adeeggu u shaqeeyo si wanaagsan.
- Rakaabka iyo xamuulka waxay saamayn yar yeelan karaa laakiin marka qiimaha tigidhka uu sare u kaco, tani waxay noqon kartaa mid saameyn leh.
5. Kharashaadka Ka Dhalan Kara Siyaasadda, Maamulka, iyo Xeerarka
Waxaa jira kharashyo laga yaabo in aan si toos ah looga aqoon — sida kharashyo la xiriira fiisaha, deynta, ama adeegyo kale oo la xiriira safarka diyaaradda.
- Tusaale ahaan, Dowladda Federaalka Soomaaliya waxay jabisay kharash lagu soo rogay “kaarka caafimaadka” (health card) ee rakaabka ah sababo la xiriira sharci darro. (Wararka)
- Waxaa sidoo kale mararka qaar dhacda in degmooyinka ama gobollada ay dabaqaan kharashyo kala duwan — tusaale ahaan hal mar markii laga eeday in laga qaadayo laba jeer fiise marka lagu soo dego garoonka Garowe International Airport ee gobolkiisa. (allAfrica.com)
6. Maxaa Rakaabku Sameyn Karaa si Kharashaadka Loo Fahmo loona Yareeyo Kharashyada Saameeya?
Si aad uga faa’iidaysato macluumaadkan, halkan waxaa ku yaal talooyin muhiim ah:
- Hubi tigidhka: Markaad tigidhka iibsato, fiiri in qiimaha tigidhku uu ka kooban yahay “passenger service charge” iyo kharashyada kale ee garoonka.
- La xiriir shirkadda diyaaradda: Weydiiso haddii ay jiraan kharashyo qarsoon ama adeegyo dheeraad ah oo laga yaabo inaad bixiso marka aad ka tegeyso ama soo gasho dalka.
- Ka warhay sharciyada: Haddii aad soo degayso dalka ama ka bixi doonto, hubi in aad leedahay dokumentiyo sax ah (fiise, baasaboorka saxda ah, rukhsadaha) si looga fogaado in lagu khasbo kharashyo kale.
- Xisaabi miisaanka iyo xamuulka: Inaad hubiso in xamuulkaagu uusan ka badnayn xaddiga la oggol yahay shirkadda diyaaradda ayaa kaa caawin kara in aan lagugu soo rogin kharashka xad-dheeraadka ah.
- Ka feejigno isbedelada kharashyada: Xajmiga diyaaradda, hawada ay marayso, gobolku ka kojirsado — dhammaan waxay saameyn karaan kharashka la qaaday. Tusaale ahaan, miisaanka diyaaradda (MTOW) ayaa qeyb ka ah qiimeynta. (SCAA)
7. Gunaanad
Kharashaadka laga qaado diyaaradaha, rakaabka iyo xamuulka marka hawadda dalka la soo galo ama laga baxo waa arrin muhiim ah oo u baahan in si fiican loo fahmo. Noocyadani — garoonka (landing/parking), adeegga rakaabka, navigation/hawada, adeegyada dheeraadka ah, iyo kharashaadyada siyaasadeed — dhammaantood waxay qeyb ka yihiin habka madaxbannaanida hawadda, amniga, adeegyada garoonka iyo dhaqaalaha dalka.
Haddii aad safar diyaarad ku tahay ama aad ka shaqeyso shirkad diyaaradeed, fahamka kharashyadaas waxa uu kaa caawinayaa in aad qorsheysato si hufan, ilaashato miisaaniyad, oo aad ka fogaato kharashyo lama filaan ah.
